schoonschip: phase I 1 60 - 80% renewable heat and hot water the Schoonschip community will need to apply for an exemption for these greenhouses so they are not counted as part of the permitted building volume. An exemption permit is possible if the greenhouses are used primarily for food production and heat collection, as we recommend here. Houses will contain an intelligent temperature control system in which different spaces within the house will have varying levels of comfort. For example, the living room and bedrooms will be warmer than the hallways, ensuring the heat is focused on where people are spending their time. DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT Each boat will be built to passive house standard using very high efficiency insulation and sealed air flow. There have been concerns in the past about the ventilation in homes designed to passive house standards, but technology and practice have both improved so that this is no longer an issue. We recommend that where possible, greenhouses should be built on top of the regular building structure in order to boost heat collection through the use of Fine Wire Heat Exchangers (Fiwihex). An important note is that Each house will maximize solar gain, having mostly south-facing windows to capture heat. In the summer, window shades will block excess solar heat, keeping the house cooler in warmer months. Low-flow fixtures will be installed on each faucet and showerhead, reducing overall hot water demand. SUPPLY Each household will require 9 square meters of solar heat collectors. We recommend a flat plate collector with a drainback system to prevent freezing without necessitating any potentially hazardous anti-freeze agents. A differential controller will activate the pump and determine when the water needs to be moved from the collector to the storage tank. Solar heat collectors will be combined with fresnel lenses that heat up the water as it circulates to cool the solar panels. We recommend installing greenhouses that cover half the roof surface of each of the low buildings on site. Houses with greenhouses, which collect heat, will require less solar heat collection. An installed electric microwave boiler or hybrid heat pump/boiler will provide top-up heating when there is insufficient hot water. These boilers heat water extremely fast and on demand, and are significantly more energy efficient than the average electric boiler. Heat-recovery ventilation systems will be installed in each house as part of the passive house standard. These air-to-air heat exchangers intake fresh air from outside and warm it with the stale warm air leaving the house. STORAGE Insulated hot water tanks of 600 liters will be placed in the basement or crawlspace of each household. COST & LABOR ESTIMATES Passive house standard costs an estimated 10.000 € above a typical house. The estimated costs for the DIY solar collector and water storage system are 1.600 €. Installation of the system will require approximately 40 hours of labor. With passive house design, an active heating system is unnecessary, saving the costs of a central heating system. Households can likewise save money on a gas connection and gas use, which is similarly unnecessary for passive house standard homes. Even though a passive house costs 10.000 €, forgoing a central heating system and gas connection will save 6-7.000 € during the construction phase, which will effectively reduce the cost of the passive house to around 3.000 €. Operational savings from not having to purchase gas provides a quick payback period. Pagina 72
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