technology selection PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE Electricity Generation • • • • Advanced solar PV options Hydrogen Fuel Cells Microbial Fuel Cells IRWES building-integrated wind technology Storage • Compressed air storage • Metal-air batteries • Hydrogen Heat Generation • • Solar heat collection Fine-Wire Heat Exchangers in greenhouses Storage • • • Phase change materials in buildings and liquid storage tanks Thermal concrete storage Combined heat and electricity storage with adiabatic compressed air • Food Production • • Decentralized home hydroponics technology Floating biomass production: algae bags, floating platforms with food production, kenaf production Processing Local cheese and beer production Water and Waste • • • • Vacuum waste collection systems Microbial Fuel Cells Algae wastewater treatment Biological wastewater treatment for the removal of chemical compounds Jetty / Walkways As in the proven technology scenario, the jetty is partly used as an infrastructural spine in this vision. Ideally, the technologies placed within the jetty can be easily removed and upgraded as time goes on. For example, the blackwater treatment unit can be liſted out and replaced with an alternative technology, but still fit into all of the piping originally designed to enter the jetty. The jetty can also be used for aesthetic and biodiversity support purposes, if it can successfully be covered with trained flowering plants that do not interfere with other technologies that are placed on the jetty roofing (e.g., solar panels). Public lighting In this scenario we explore the possibility of experimental alternatives for lighting: photoluminescent pigments, bioluminescent organisms, solar lighting options. Certain types of algae and bacteria give off significant quantities of light and can be powered with sludge waste streams from biomass digesters. This may be particularly interesting for contaminated sludge streams from the digestion of plants from the phytoremediation garden on the de Ceuvel site. Several research teams are also working on the development of modified luciferase enzymes (from fireflies) on nanostructures that produce very bright light for minimal energy output (20 - 30 times more efficient than electric lighting). It may be possible to try out some bioluminescent lighting strips in some areas of the site (e.g., low luminescence jetty tracklighting, that can be supplemented with brighter light activated by motion sensors). Communal areas The communal areas of the CTP are a particularly promising place to pilot new and emerging technologies. Ideally, certain kinds of technologies can be placed there on short-term lease or for showcasing purposes, in order to be annually replaced by more advanced models. In this way the communal areas can serve as a technology showroom. Less reliable technologies can also be placed here with less concern for disruption of daily activities. Some possible technologies to pilot here include: advanced solar cookers, the latest washing machines, experimental lighting technologies, new heat storage options, and others. The Xeros waterless washing machine is an interesting option to pilot here if it is commercially released in time. Transportation Infrastructure Because this scenario explores the possibility of a local hydrogen cycle, the transport infrastructure is designed to support both hydrogen-fueled vehicles and electric vehicles. Initially, only electric charge points are available, but as hydrogen production technologies improve, hydrogen fueling stations can be added on site. DOMESTIC TECHNOLOGIES Building envelope For the newly built boats on the Schoonschip site, passive house standards for insulation are achieved through phase change materials integrated into walls and roofing. Phase change materials use absorbed energy to change from solid to liquid. At cooler temperatures, PCMs convert back to a liquid, releasing the excess heat into the building. This evens out temperature fluxes, creating both passive cooling and decreasing heating demands. In Northern European climates, return on investment times of five years are relatively easy to achieve. Many commercial PCM options exist, from DELTA-Cool28 (a PCM for windows that can absorb 1,2 kWh per m2 of thermal energy 136 / 146 Pagina 135
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