Bijlage 7: Investment in XiXi Land park 65 Xixi wetland was first recorded in Chinese literature 4500 years ago, a 60 km² wetland on west of Hangzhou city, a famous ancient city in China. This wetland was the starting point of the Chinese Great Waterway from Hangzhou to Beijing (1764 kilometres), which was completed in 604 AD. In 172 AD in a first attempt to alleviate flooding to the city, the lake was gradually turned into 3000 small fish ponds, inter-connected via water channels. On banks of the fish ponds persimmon trees (for fruit production) and mulberry tree (for feeding silk worms) were planted. Trees provide nutrients to the fish, and the sediments in the fish pond with rich nutrients were taken up to the bank each year, to fertilize the trees. Such systems have been sustained for almost 2000 years. Over the years the fish pond banks rose to more than 10 metres high, while the water quality remains good for fishery. However, since the 1960s, more than 80% of the wetlands has been gradually lost to agriculture and city development and 10 km² remained. The loss of wetland area led to frequent flooding threats to the Hangzhou city. Making the problem even worse was the inflow of poorly treated human sewage water, polluted water from pig farms and non-point pollutant from intensified agriculture, threatening the wetland system with pollution and eutrophication and ultimately the loss of its ecological functions and services. Hangzhou Municipal government launched a massive wetland resto ration program in 2004. The municipality allocated USD 700 million to restore the wetland complex, rehabilitate traditional farming (the persimmon and mulberry tree-fishing pond system), restore the culture (especially religious temples and cultural activities). The Pagina 72
Pagina 74Interactieve online handleiding, deze club blad of lesmateriaal is levensecht online geplaatst met Online Touch en bied het naar een online publicatie converteren van digi gebruiksaanwijzingen.
436 Lees publicatie 131Home